See carl in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "carl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "carl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cairl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "carle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "carl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cairl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "cairle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*carl",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
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"pos": "",
"sc": "",
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"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English *carl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*carl"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English *carl",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "karl"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse karl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*karilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karilaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cherl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of cherl",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English *carl, from Old Norse karl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz; thus a doublet of cherl.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "carll",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "karl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "karle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "caryle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "carl",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "carles"
},
"expansion": "carl (plural carles)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms of address",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
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"name": "Feudalism",
"orig": "enm:Feudalism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A male person (usually in the following senses, especially as a term of address):",
"A serf or peasant; a feudal tenant farmer."
],
"id": "en-carl-enm-noun-0ECWx~aF",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"term",
"term#English"
],
[
"address",
"address#English"
],
[
"serf",
"serf"
],
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
],
[
"feudal",
"feudal"
],
[
"tenant",
"tenant"
],
[
"farmer",
"farmer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms of address",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A male person (usually in the following senses, especially as a term of address):",
"A servant or bondsman; one who serves a noble."
],
"id": "en-carl-enm-noun-irIIj~UO",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"term",
"term#English"
],
[
"address",
"address#English"
],
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"bondsman",
"bondsman"
],
[
"serve",
"serve"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms of address",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A male person (usually in the following senses, especially as a term of address):",
"A rustic or wretch; an ignorant or worthless person."
],
"id": "en-carl-enm-noun-MPa1CwoZ",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"term",
"term#English"
],
[
"address",
"address#English"
],
[
"rustic",
"rustic"
],
[
"wretch",
"wretch"
],
[
"ignorant",
"ignorant"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/karl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːrl/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"also"
]
}
],
"word": "carl"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English derogatory terms",
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms of address",
"Old English doublets",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Old English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Society",
"enm:Feudalism",
"enm:Male people"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "carl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "carl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cairl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "carle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "carl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cairl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "cairle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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"3": "*carl",
"4": "",
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"id": "",
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},
"expansion": "Old English *carl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*carl"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English *carl",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "karl"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse karl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*karilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karilaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cherl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of cherl",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English *carl, from Old Norse karl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz; thus a doublet of cherl.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "carll",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "karl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "karle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "caryle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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},
"expansion": "carl",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "carles"
},
"expansion": "carl (plural carles)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A male person (usually in the following senses, especially as a term of address):",
"A serf or peasant; a feudal tenant farmer."
],
"links": [
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"male",
"male"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
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"term",
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],
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"address",
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"serf",
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],
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
],
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"feudal",
"feudal"
],
[
"tenant",
"tenant"
],
[
"farmer",
"farmer"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A male person (usually in the following senses, especially as a term of address):",
"A servant or bondsman; one who serves a noble."
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"term",
"term#English"
],
[
"address",
"address#English"
],
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"bondsman",
"bondsman"
],
[
"serve",
"serve"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A male person (usually in the following senses, especially as a term of address):",
"A rustic or wretch; an ignorant or worthless person."
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"term",
"term#English"
],
[
"address",
"address#English"
],
[
"rustic",
"rustic"
],
[
"wretch",
"wretch"
],
[
"ignorant",
"ignorant"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/karl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːrl/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"also"
]
}
],
"word": "carl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for carl meaning in Middle English (4.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.